The Republic was a dialogue recorded by Plato between the philosopher Socrates and his entourage of philosophers about what a “just” nation could look like.
The group actually builds an ideal republic from scratch, talking through what their city-state would look like, how it should be governed, and what life should look like for the people who live there. It was published in 375 BCE.
It’s a very interesting dialogue, but Socrates is also entirely tedious and I will not subject you to reading the entirety of it. Instead, I’m going to give you my cliff notes—or rather “elle notes”—so we can discuss this foundational utopian text!